The Balance of the Soul: Al-Ghazali's Perspective in Solving Existential Issues
Keywords:
Al-Ghazali, Existential Emptiness, Ihya Ulum al-Din, Soul.Abstract
This paper addresses the growing phenomenon of existential emptiness in modern society, a condition shaped by materialism, hedonism, and secularization. Such emptiness manifests as inner anxiety, loss of purpose, and detachment from spirituality. The central issue explored is how al-Ghazali’s concept of spiritual balance in Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din can offer both philosophical and practical solutions to this crisis of meaning. Employing a qualitative methodology through literature review, this study examines al-Ghazali’s framework of tazkiyat al-nafs (purification of the self) as the path toward spiritual equilibrium. The process includes self-commitment, self-monitoring, introspection, struggle against desires, self-sanction, self-reprimand, and consistency in virtuous action. By moderating the impulses of anger and desire, spiritual balance produces virtues such as patience, gratitude, and courage. Findings indicate that al-Ghazali’s thought not only provides a classical spiritual paradigm but also remains highly relevant for addressing contemporary existential emptiness. It underscores the importance of orienting human life toward recognition of and devotion to Allah as the ultimate source of meaning. Thus, al-Ghazali’s conception of spiritual balance can serve as a practical remedy and enduring paradigm for enhancing spiritual well-being and restoring life’s purpose in the modern era.
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